Published document record
AI-based capabilities for the European Border and Coast Guard
PDF source copies
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Official PDF — unmodified source copy
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Download PDF — 167 pages (10.88 MB)AI-based capabilities for the European Border and Coast Guard. Final report, Warsaw 17 March 2021.
Source: European Border and Coast Guard Agency. Retrieved 2026-09-10.
Copy provenance and reuse
The PDF legal notice authorises reproduction with source acknowledgement. Original notices are retained. Source reuse terms. The database metadata licence does not replace these terms.
SHA-256:
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Official metadata
- Official title
- Artificial Intelligence-based capabilities for the European Border and Coast Guard - Final Report
- Document type
- Report
- Document date
- 2021-03-17
- Document date kind
- Document issue
- Document-date evidence
- European Border and Coast Guard Agency · Cover, vertically typeset Warsaw, 17/03/2021 — The date printed on the final report is its issue date.
- Publication date
- 2021-03-31
- Publication-date evidence
- European Border and Coast Guard Agency · Date below final-report title: 2021-03-31 — Official catalogue publication, independent of the earlier issue date.
- Version label
- Final report, Warsaw 17 March 2021
- Legal status
- Non binding
- Language
- en
Research classifications
These are researcher classifications used to organise and analyse the corpus; they are not official EU metadata.
- Record level
- Principal
- Version status
- Final
- Temporal collection
- Contemporary EU AI policy
- Relevance class
- Direct AI relevance
- Policy stage
- Agenda setting
- Corpus tier
- Directly related
- Sectors
- Policy membership
Classification evidence
- Relevance class: Direct AI relevance · European Border and Coast Guard Agency · Preface and sections 1.1–1.3, PDF pages 3 and 14–17 — AI capabilities are the central subject.
- Sector tags: Migration asylum and border management · European Border and Coast Guard Agency · Sections 1.1–1.3, PDF pages 14–17 — Examines border surveillance, traveller processing and migration-management applications.
- Provenance tags: EU commissioned external · European Border and Coast Guard Agency · Preface, PDF page 3; acknowledgements, PDF page 11 — Frontex commissioned RAND Europe; five external report authors are named.
- Provenance tags: Officially published · European Border and Coast Guard Agency · Catalogue publication date and linked final report — Official agency publication provides the English report.
Production provenance
- Provenance tags
- Named bibliographic authors
- Erik Silfversten · RAND Europe · European Border and Coast Guard Agency · Acknowledgements, printed x / PDF page 11: report prepared by RAND Europe team
- Luke Huxtable · RAND Europe · European Border and Coast Guard Agency · Acknowledgements, printed x / PDF page 11: report prepared by RAND Europe team
- Linda Slapakova · RAND Europe · European Border and Coast Guard Agency · Acknowledgements, printed x / PDF page 11: report prepared by RAND Europe team
- Pauline Paille · RAND Europe · European Border and Coast Guard Agency · Acknowledgements, printed x / PDF page 11: report prepared by RAND Europe team
- Kevin Martin · RAND Europe · European Border and Coast Guard Agency · Acknowledgements, printed x / PDF page 11: report prepared by RAND Europe team
- Institutions and roles
-
- European Border and Coast Guard Agency · Commissioner · role evidence · PDF page 3 / printed ii, preface: study commissioned to RAND Europe
- European Border and Coast Guard Agency · Official host · role evidence · Official catalogue and final-report download
- European Border and Coast Guard Agency · Publisher · role evidence · PDF page 2 legal notice and Frontex imprint
Official sources and identifiers
- Official source · Publisher/host: European Border and Coast Guard Agency
- Official source · Publisher/host: European Border and Coast Guard Agency
Research assessment
- Inclusion rationale
- Substantive assessment of AI capabilities, adoption pathways and barriers for European border management.
- Researcher notes
- Externally authored RAND Europe report commissioned by Frontex. Five named authors are retained separately from the agency. The 17 March issue date differs from official publication on 31 March 2021. Current PDF metadata has a 2025 modification timestamp, but the public cover and imprint identify the same 2021 final report; no new version is inferred from file metadata. Embedded annexes remain part of this principal report.
- Review status
- verified
Relationships
No additional published relationships touch this record.
Verification
- Expanded evidence review
- Verified
- Reviewed by
- Yichen Hao
- Evidence review date
- 2026-09-06T00:51:04.811+01:00
The evidence review date is not a separate human sign-off date. Review credit and evidence-review actions
- Last verified: 2026-09-06T00:51:04.811+01:00 · Official catalogue retrieved successfully (HTTP 200): exact final-report title, publication date 2021-03-31 and English PDF download verified.
- Last verified: 2026-09-06T00:51:04.811+01:00 · Full 167-page official English PDF successfully retrieved by public unauthenticated Node fetch (HTTP 200) and parsed in memory with pypdf. Cover: Warsaw, 17/03/2021. Legal notice/preface: commissioned to RAND Europe; page 11 lists five report authors. Sections 1.1–1.3 and report identity reviewed. PDF modification metadata of January 2025 does not itself establish a revised report; cover/title/imprint identify the 2021 final report. Bytes hashed but not archived.